SE Greenland, Iceland to Faeroes, Europe, s Urals, Asia Minor
dukhunensis
alba/dukhunensis (White-faced)
C Russia to Caucasus, nw Iran, Altai Mts.; >Middle East to India
yarrellii
yarrellii (British)
Breeds Britain, Ireland, and adjacent coastal western continental Europe; winters to northwestern Africa.
ocularis
ocularis (ocularis)
Breeds northern Siberia and western Alaska; winters from northeastern India and China south to the Philippines, the Malay Peninsula and Borneo
subpersonata
subpersonata (Moroccan)
W Morocco
personata
personata (Masked)
Breeds central Siberia to northwestern Mongolia, northern Iran, Afghanistan, and northern India; winters in Iran and Afghanistan eastward to Bangladesh and southern Nepal.
baicalensis
baicalensis (Transbaikalian)
Breeds south-central Siberia to Mongolia and northeastern China; winters northeastern India to central Indochina.
lugens
lugens (Black-backed)
Breeds southeastern Russia to northern Korea and Japan; winters Myanmar to southeastern China.
leucopsis
leucopsis (Chinese)
Breeds central and eastern China, Russian Far East, Korea, and southwestern Japan; winters to northern India and southern Asia.
alboides
alboides (Hodgson's)
Breeds Himalayas, southern China, northern Myanmar, northern Laos, and northern Vietnam; winters to northern Thailand.
