Breeds North Atlantic coasts and islands of coastal southwesstern Greenland, Iceland, Faroe Islands, Scotland, southern Norway, and Baltic Sea, also southeastern Canada; winters offshore to south.
hyperborea
Breeds Svalbard through northern Norway and northwestern Russia east to Novaya Zemlya
albionis
Breeds British Isles southward to western Iberian Peninsula and eastward to Helgoland.
inornata
Breeds coastal Kamchatka, Sakhalin, Kuril and Commander islands (eastern Russia), southern Kuril Islands, Teuri Island (northwest of Hokkaido; formerly also Hokkaido; northern Japan), also Aleutian and Bering Sea islands to western Alaska and southwestern Canada.
californica
Coastal northern Washington to southern California.
